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Richtlijnen

NHG standaard schildklieraandoeningen
https://richtlijnen.nhg.org/standaarden/schildklieraandoeningen

Nederlandse Internisten Vereniging, richtlijn schildklierfunctiestoornissen
https://richtlijnendatabase.nl/richtlijn/schildklierfunctiestoornissen/schildklierfunctiestoornissen_-_korte_beschrijving.html

European Thyroid Association
https://www.eurothyroid.com/guidelines/eta_guidelines.html

• Evidence-Based Use of Levothyroxine/Liothyronine Combinations in Treating Hypothyroidism: A Consensus Document
• 2014 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy and in Children
• 2021 European Thyroid Association Guideline on Thyroid Disorders prior to and during Assisted Reproduction
• 2013 ETA Guideline: Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism
• 2012 ETA Guidelines: The Use of L-T4 + L-T3 in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism

Voeding

De invloed van voeding

Voeding algemeen:

• The importance of nutritional factors and dietary management of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Paulina Ihnatowitcz et al. 2020
• Immunological Reactivity Using Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies of Autoimmune Thyroid Target Sites with Dietary Proteins. Datis Kharrazian et al. 2017
• The effect of obesity and dietary habits on oxidative stress in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Maria Giannakou et al. 2018

Jodium

• A concise review of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and the importance of iodine, selenium, vitamin D and gluten on the autoimmunity and dietary management of HT patients. Points that need more investigation. Michael I. Liontiris et al. 2017
• Autoimmune thyroid disease: old and new players. Grigoris Effraimidis et al. 2014
• Correlation Between Iodine Intake and Thyroid Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study from the South of China. Hengqiang Zhao et al. 2014
• Drug Effects on the Thyroid. Henry B. Burch. 2019
• Effect of low dose iodide supplementation on thyroid function in potentially susceptible subjects: are dietary iodide levels in Britain acceptable? C. C. Chow et al. 1991
• Effect of Iodine Intake on Thyroid Diseases in China. Weiping Teng et al. 2006
• Effect of Iodine Restriction on Thyroid Function in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism. Kanji Kasagi et al. 2003
• Effect of Iodine Restriction on Thyroid Function in Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients in an Iodine-Replete Area: A Long Period Observation in a Large-Scale Cohort. Ji Young Joung et al. 2014
• Effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis residing in an area of mild iodine deficiency. W Reinhardt et al. 1998
• Epidemiological trends of iodine-related thyroid disorders: an example from Slovenia. Simona Gaberšček et al. 2016
• Excessive Iodine promotes pyroptosis of thyroid folliculair epithelial cells in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis through the ROS-NF- κB-NLRP3 pathway. Jiameng Liu et al. 2019
• Higher urinary bisphenol A concentration and excessive iodine intake are associated with nodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Zhenzhen Zhou et al. 2017
• More than adequate iodine intake may increase subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis: a cross-sectional study based on two Chinese communities with different iodine intake levels. Xiaochun Teng et al. 2011
• Multiple Nutritional Factors and the Risk of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Shiqian H et al. 2017
• The effect of iodine restriction on thyroid function in patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Soo-Jee Yoon et al. 2003

Vitamine D

• A concise review of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and the importance of iodine, selenium, vitamin D and gluten on the autoimmunity and dietary management of HT patients. Points that need more investigation. Michael I. Liontiris et al. 2017
• Can Supplementation with Vitamin D Modify Thyroid Autoantibodies (Anti-TPO Ab, Anti-Tg Ab) and Thyroid Profile (T3, T4, TSH) in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis? A Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Reza Chahardoli et al. 2019
• Immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of thyroid autoimmunity: a narrative review. D. Gallo et al. 2019
• Is vitamin D a player or not in the pathophysiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases? Federica D’Aurizio et al. 2014
• Meta-Analysis of the Association between Vitamin D and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Jiying Wang et al. 2015
• Serum 25-hydoxyvitamin D concentrations in relation to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies. Mario Štefanić et al. 2019
• Sunshine vitamin and thyroid. Immacolata Cristina Nettore et al. 2017
• The Effect of Vitamin D on Thyroid Autoimmunity in Levothyroxine- Treated Women with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Normal Vitamin D Status. Robert Krysiak et al. 2017
• The Role of Vitamin D in Thyroid Diseases. Dohee Kim. 2017
• Thyroid Autoimmunity: An Interplay of Factors. Stephen J. Merrill et al. 2018

Selenium

• A concise review of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and the importance of iodine, selenium, vitamin D and gluten on the autoimmunity and dietary management of HT patients. Points that need more investigation. Michael I. Liontiris et al. 2017
• Effects of selenium and vitamin C on the serum level of antithyroid peroxidase antibody in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Karimi et al. 2018
• Multiple Nutritional Factors and the Risk of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Shiqian Hu et al. 2017
• Myo-inositol and selenium reduce the risk of developing overt hypothyroidism in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. S.M.Ferrari et al. 2017.
• Selenium and Selenoproteins in Immune Mediated Thyroid Disorders. Liliana R. Santos et al. 2018
• Selenium and the thyroid. Josef Kohrle. 2013
• Selenium supplementation for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (Review). van Zuuren EJ et al. 2014
• Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis Decreases Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Concentrations. Roland Gartner et al. 2002
• Selenium Supplementation Significantly Reduces Thyroid Autoantibody Levels in Patients with Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Johanna Wichman et al. 2016
• Selenium, the thyroid, and the endocrine system. Köhrle J et al. 2005
• Treatment with Myo-Inositol and Selenium Ensures Euthyroidism in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Maurizio Nordio et al. 2017

Gluten / coeliakie

• Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients. Fuya Zhao et al. 2018
• A concise review of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and the importance of iodine, selenium, vitamin D and gluten on the autoimmunity and dietary management of HT patients. Points that need more investigation. Michael I. Liontiris et al. 2017
• Anti-thyroid antibodies, parietal cell antibodies and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. Orit Twito et al. 2018
• Associated autoantibodies in celiac disease. Ron Shaoul et al. 2007
• Atypical Celiac Disease as Cause of Increased Need for Thyroxine: A Systematic Study. Camilla Virili et al. 2012
• Extra-intestinal manifestations of non-ciliac gluten sensitivity: an expanding paradigm. Guiseppe Losurdo et al. 2018
• Glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) & tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies in patients with thyroid autoimmunity. R.K. Marwaha et al. 2013
• Gluten-dependent diabetes related and thyroid-related autoantibodies in patients with celiac disease. Ventura A. et al. 2000
• Gut-thyroid axis and celiac disease. Aaron Lerner et al. 2017
• Importance of gluten in the induction of endocrine autoantibodies and organ dysfunction in adolescent celiac patients. Toscano V. et al. 2000
• Markers of potential coeliac disease in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Rossella Valentino et al. 2002
• Prevalence of Coeliac Disease in Patients with Thyroid Autoimmunity. Rossella Valentino et al. 1999
• Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Untreated Adult Celiac Disease Patients and Effect of Gluten Withdrawal: An Italian Multicenter Study. C. Sategna-Guidetti et al. 2001
• The Effect of Gluten-Free Diet on Thyroid Autoimmunity in Drug-Naïve Women with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study. Robert Krysiak et al. 2019
• The relationship between thyroid hormones, antithyroid antibodies, anti-tissue transglutaminase anti-gliadin antibodies in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. S. Hadizadeh Riseh et al. 2017
• Thyro-entero-gastric autoimmunity: Pathophysiology and implications for patient Management. Edith Lahner et al. 2019

Autoimmune Protocol (AIP)

• Efficacy of the Autoimmune Protocol Diet as Part of a Multi-disciplinary, Supported Lifestyle Intervention for Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Robert D. Abbott et al. 2019

Triggers

De invloed van omgevingsfactoren

Infecties

• A possible link between the Epstein-Barr virus infection and autoimmune thyroid disorders. Anna Dittfeld et al. 2016

• Helicobacter pylori Infection and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: The Role of Virulent Strains. Natale Figura et al. 2019

• Infections, genetic and environmental factors in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid Diseases. Sanjeev Kumar Shukla et al. 2018

• Prevalence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases. Yinon Shapira et al. 2012

• Susceptibility to Thyroid Disorders in Hepatitis C. Luigi Muratori et al. 2005

Toxinen

• Bisphenol A increases hydrogen peroxide generation by thyrocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Maurício Martins da Silva et al. 2018
• Bisphenols and thyroid hormone. MJ Kim et al. 2019
• Disruption in Thyroid Signaling Pathway: A Mechanism for the effect of endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Child neurodevelopment. Akhgar Ghassabian et al. 2018
• Endocrine disruptors and thyroid autoimmunity. Salvatore Benvenga et al. 2020
• Environmental exposures and autoimmune thyroid disease. Gregory A Brent et al. 2010
• Environmental issues in Thyroid Diseases. Silvia Martina Ferrari et al. 2017
• Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases II: Celiac sprue and gluten intolerance. Anthony SAMSEL et al. 2013
• Higher urinary bisphenol A concentration and excessive iodine intake are associated with nodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Zhenzhen Zhou et al. 2017
• Thyroid Disrupting Chemicals. Valeria Calsolaro et al. 2017
• Thyroid dysfunction: how concentration of toxic and essential elements contribute to risk of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer. Maryam Rezaei et al. 2019
• Thyroid function disruptors: from nature to chemicals. Karen Jesus Oliveira et al. 2018
• Various Possible Toxicants Involved in Thyroid Dysfunction: A Review. Jagminder K. Bajaj et al. 2016

Darmen

De invloed van darmwerking en microbioom

• Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients. Fuya Zhao et al. 2018
• Does microbiota composition affect thyroid homeostasis? Camilla Virili et al. 2015
• Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Absorption of levothyroxine: A Review. Marko Skelin et al. 2017
• Gut microbiota and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Camilla Virili et al. 2018
• Levothyroxine absorption in health and disease, and new therapeutic perspectives. G. Ianiro et al. 2014
• Microbiota and Thyroid Interaction in Health and Disease. Eleonore Fröhlich et al. 2019
• Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients. Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq et al. 2017
• Thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal and liver dysfunction: A state of the art review. Angelos Kyriacou et al. 2015
• “With a little help from my friends” – The role of microbiota in thyroid hormone metabolism and enterohepatic recycling. Camilla Virili et al. 2017